Enneagram instinctual subtype

Three innate survival instincts — self-preservation, social, and sexual (one-to-one) — that everyone carries as a stack, with one dominating attention and behaviour. Articulated within the modern Enneagram of Personality by Oscar Ichazo and Claudio Naranjo around 1970 and later detailed by Don Riso, Russ Hudson, and Beatrice Chestnut, the dominant instinct combines with each Enneagram type to yield the framework's 27 subtypes. Like the wider Enneagram, it is popular for self-reflection but lacks rigorous empirical validation.

An extension of the Enneagram, a popular personality framework that lacks rigorous empirical validation and is not established within academic psychology. (Oscar Ichazo and Claudio Naranjo, c. 1970; the 27 instinctual subtypes later detailed by Don Riso, Russ Hudson, and Beatrice Chestnut)

Groups

• Self-Preservation — Attention centres on physical safety, health, comfort, and securing the resources needed for personal survival and well-being.
• Social — Attention centres on belonging, status, and one's place and role within groups, communities, and the wider social order.
• Sexual / One-to-One — Attention centres on intensity, attraction, and forming charged one-to-one bonds and close intimate connections.

References

• Chestnut, B. (2013). The Complete Enneagram: 27 Paths to Greater Self-Knowledge. She Writes Press (ISBN 978-1938314544)
• Naranjo, C. (1994). Character and Neurosis: An Integrative View. Gateways/IDHHB Publishing

Related topics

• Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
• Jungian cognitive functions
• Socionics (Information Metabolism Types)
• Enneagram of Personality
• DISC assessment
• The 12 Archetypes (Jungian)
• Process Communication Model (PCM)
• Attitudinal Psyche type

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